France Essay -- essays research papers fc

Presentation      France, which is the biggest country in Western Europe, is a presidential republic. France is a significant country in Europe and it keeps on being associated with contemporary approach issues. Helping the world as one of the incredible exchanging countries, France is a significant exchanging accomplice with the United States. In addition to the fact that france is critical to the United States, they are likewise imperative to nations everywhere throughout the world. Their wealth of both mineral and rural assets make them a significant provider of items everywhere throughout the world. I decided to provide details regarding France since it is a fascinating area and I needed to become familiar with it. Topography      France is situated in Western Europe and has a region of roughly 211,000 square miles. Alongside being the capital, Paris is additionally the biggest city in France. Spain outskirts France in the south, Italy and Switzerland in the east, and Germany, Luxembourg, and Belgium in the upper east. The French Alps are situated in the east where snow topped pinnacles, for example, Mont. Blanc arrive at statures of 15,781 feet. Around one-portion of France’s absolute outskirt is framed by coastline, with the Mediterranean Sea on the Southeast and the Atlantic and the English Channel on the west and northwest. Numerous streams and trenches go through France shaping an immense system, tying various districts and urban communities together. The Seine is the country’s biggest traversable waterway. It streams northwest from eastern France through the city of Paris, and discharges into the channel at Le Harre. The Rhone River is the biggest in the nation as far as volu me of release. Alongside its tributaries, it depletes the French Alpine locale. In spite of the fact that France has numerous streams, it just has a couple of lakes. One of the lakes in France is Lake Geneva (otherwise called Lake Leman), however in lies chiefly in Switzerland.      France is lavishly supplied with a great parity of both mineral and agrarian assets. The country produces significant measures of iron mineral. Furthermore, France has sizable stores of antimony magnesium, pyrites, tungsten, salt, potash, radioactive materials, lead and zinc. Coal mining has diminished altogether since the 1960’s, the same number of mines have been exhausted and are currently shut. Presently, the creation of gaseous petrol and sulfur is being created. History Franc... ...he beginning of France, they have many captivating highlights. Their legislature is from various perspectives like the United State’s government. The three parts of government put forth a valiant effort to help make and complete the law.      Not just is France a delightful nation, it is additionally the home to many fascinating individuals. It is an exceptionally renowned country that is continually changing and developing monetarily and strategically. France will keep on having solid global impact and will endeavor to continue framing and completing strategy that will profit their nation and the remainder of the world. Works Cited Dell, Dick, ed. Individuals and Places. Vol. 2. Chicago: World Book Inc., 1996. Dr. Warmenhoven, Henri. â€Å"France.† Grolier Global Studies. 1991 ed. Famighettie, Robert, ed. World Almanac Books. New Jersey: World Almanac Books, 1997. â€Å"France.† Encyclopedia Britannica. 1998 ed. Terrains and Peoples. Vol. 3. Connecticut: Grolier Educational, 1999. Murphy, C. â€Å"France Almost Goes Capitalist.† Fortune 21 September 1999: 46-48. Sancton, T.A. â€Å"French revolution.† TIME October 1999: 76. World Mark Encyclopeida of the Nations. Version 7. New York: Worldmark Press, LTD. 1988. France Essay - papers inquire about papers fc Presentation      France, which is the biggest country in Western Europe, is a presidential republic. France is a significant country in Europe and it keeps on being associated with contemporary arrangement issues. Helping the world as one of the extraordinary exchanging countries, France is a significant exchanging accomplice with the United States. In addition to the fact that france is imperative to the United States, they are likewise essential to nations everywhere throughout the world. Their wealth of both mineral and farming assets make them a significant provider of items everywhere throughout the world. I decided to cover France since it is an intriguing area and I needed to get familiar with it. Geology      France is situated in Western Europe and has a zone of around 211,000 square miles. Alongside being the capital, Paris is likewise the biggest city in France. Spain outskirts France in the south, Italy and Switzerland in the east, and Germany, Luxembourg, and Belgium in the upper east. The French Alps are situated in the east where snow topped pinnacles, for example, Mont. Blanc arrive at statures of 15,781 feet. Around one-portion of France’s all out fringe is framed by coastline, with the Mediterranean Sea on the Southeast and the Atlantic and the English Channel on the west and northwest. Numerous streams and trenches go through France shaping a tremendous system, tying various districts and urban communities together. The Seine is the country’s biggest safe stream. It streams northwest from eastern France through the city of Paris, and purges into the channel at Le Harre. The Rhone River is the biggest in the nation regarding volume of release. Alongs ide its tributaries, it depletes the French Alpine locale. In spite of the fact that France has numerous waterways, it just has a couple of lakes. One of the lakes in France is Lake Geneva (otherwise called Lake Leman), yet in lies essentially in Switzerland.      France is lavishly invested with a fantastic parity of both mineral and farming assets. The country produces significant measures of iron mineral. What's more, France has sizable stores of antimony magnesium, pyrites, tungsten, salt, potash, radioactive materials, lead and zinc. Coal mining has diminished fundamentally since the 1960’s, the same number of mines have been drained and are presently shut. Right now, the creation of gaseous petrol and sulfur is being created. History Franc... ...he start of France, they have many intriguing highlights. Their legislature is from multiple points of view like the United State’s government. The three parts of government put forth a valiant effort to help make and do the law.      Not just is France a delightful nation, it is additionally the home to many intriguing individuals. It is an exceptionally renowned country that is continually changing and developing monetarily and strategically. France will keep on having solid worldwide impact and will endeavor to continue framing and doing strategy that will profit their nation and the remainder of the world. Works Cited Dell, Dick, ed. Individuals and Places. Vol. 2. Chicago: World Book Inc., 1996. Dr. Warmenhoven, Henri. â€Å"France.† Grolier Global Studies. 1991 ed. Famighettie, Robert, ed. World Almanac Books. New Jersey: World Almanac Books, 1997. â€Å"France.† Encyclopedia Britannica. 1998 ed. Terrains and Peoples. Vol. 3. Connecticut: Grolier Educational, 1999. Murphy, C. â€Å"France Almost Goes Capitalist.† Fortune 21 September 1999: 46-48. Sancton, T.A. â€Å"French revolution.† TIME October 1999: 76. World Mark Encyclopeida of the Nations. Version 7. New York: Worldmark Press, LTD. 1988.

desert storm essays

desert storm expositions I denna uppsats har jag valt att behandla humanitra och miljmssiga aspekter p Gulfkriget 1990 - 1991. P grund av mnets omfattning har jag valt att strikt begrnsa mig till dessa aspekter och inte ta upp t ex militra och strategiska sdana. Detta har tyvrr visat sig vara ett mne som inte ens jag klarar av att skriva p ett roligt stt om. 1:2 Iraks behandling av kuwaitiska krigsfngar och civilbefolkning 1:3 Skadeverkningar p miljn I Kuwait 1:4 Plundring och frstrelse 2:2 Flygoffensiven - Operation Desert Storm 2:3 Markoffensiven - Operation Desert Saber 2:4 Skadeverkningar p miljn I Irak Gulfkriget och sanctum humanitra folkrtten av Christer Ahlstrm, Folkrttsdelegatio- The genuine expense of contention, Kapitel 2, The Iraq Conflict av Sanctum 2 augusti 1990 invaderades Kuwait av irakiska trupper. Detta var cave slutliga kulmen p en lngre tids konflikt mellan lnderna angende olje- flt p sanctum irak-kuwaitiska grnsen, och ar I norra Gulfen. De verbala hotelserna trappades gradvis upp under 1990, fr att kulminera I juli prescription att Irak anklagade Kuwait fr att ha stulit irakisk olja till ett vrde av 2.4 biljoner USD. Natten till sanctum 2 augusti inleddes invasionen. Det kuwaitiska frsvaret verraskades, och de invaderande styrkorna mtte ringa motstnd. Vid 7-tiden p morgonen stod de irakiska styrkorna I Kuwait City, och efter 48 timmar hade hela landet intagits. Sanctum 8 augusti frklarade lair irakiska ledningen sin avsikt att annektera Kuwait, och sanctum 28 augusti offentliggjordes att grnsomrdena mellan Irak och Kuwait hade infrlivats prescription cave irakiska provinsen Basra, samt att vriga delar av Kuwait nu ut- gjorde Iraks 19:de provins. Fr frsta gngen I FN:s historia hade en medl... <! Desert Storm expositions From our soonest minutes in grade school, America's childhood has been instructed that the Stars and Stripes speak to opportunity. It is this dear conviction of our own that sparkles like a reference point to the remainder of the world. The United States, perhaps the mightiest country on earth, has been looked to as a protector of opportunity both here and abroad. During the last piece of 1990, the domineering jerk like despot of Iraq made his goals understood to the world; he would mightily attack the countries of Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. The reason for this attack was not plainly characterized; in any case, there are several reasons that may have credited to Hussein's demonstrations of animosity. Some accept that it was the Kuwaiti's displaying of their riches that incited the assaults, yet the most genuine explanation may have been the utilization by Kuwait of the contested Rumaila oil field which runs underneath the two nations. (Mill operator, Mylroie 12) On July 17, 1990, Sadda m Hussein denounced Kuwait and the United Arab Emirate of flooding the world oil advertise. Specifically the country of Kuwait was singled out. While trying to uplift his dangers Saddam put a few Iraqi military units on full caution and activated these units towards the Kuwaiti board. (Library of Congress) He [Saddam] accepted that by the assembly of his soldiers, he would pick up the high ground in arrangements. Albeit many considered Saddam's to be as a ploy, Secretary General Javier De Cuellar considered these to be as an activity to an exude war, and call upon the two gatherings to decrease their hostilities, and retire their powers. (Mill operator, Mylroie 9) A now acclaimed gathering between U.S. diplomat April Glaspie and Iraqi pioneer Saddam Hussein occurred on July 25, 1990. (Library of Congress) Throughout the Middle Eastern clash, numerous rivals of U.S. approach said Ms. Glaspie's reaction at this gathering made ready to the intrusion of Kuwait by Iraqi powers. In any case, after the war, Ms. Glaspie affirmed that she essentially educated Saddam ... <!

Getting the Most Out of Your AP Literature Exam

Getting the Most Out of Your AP Literature ExamThe AP Literature Exam will test your ability to write, but the reading component is perhaps more important than the writing component. This is due to the fact that you will be called upon to actually read the work and not just memorize it. However, the content of the exam will also test your reasoning ability which is also important.There are several formats for the AP literature exam. In fact, there are as many different formats as there are topics to be covered. The format used depends on the type of class that you will be taking the exam with. This article is going to discuss one particular format that you will need to know when taking the AP literature exam.Some people think that they can just scan through their works and memorize the passages and the reasons behind them. You may do this well in your classroom or university classes, but what if you have to take the AP literature exam? That is the point when you need to remember to a ctually read the work.While you may be doing that, your classmates are going to be doing the same thing. While that might be a good practice, you will want to use your imagination and give yourself at least a few minutes to get started. The AP literature exam comes with four parts which must be reviewed.Each part of the exam has four passages to review. So, your goal is to read these sections, and then find the section that you have a difficulty with and read that.In the reading comprehension portion, you will be asked to read several paragraphs of a book or essay and then figure out what the writer was trying to say. Think about this like this, you are walking down the street, you see a man on the corner with a paper bag over his head that he is blowing smoke in your face. You then decide to walk to the next corner, but he is also busy writing in his bag.Reading comprehension has to do with getting past the man on the corner so that you can go ahead and find the story that you woul d like to read. As you continue to read the different parts of the exam, you will find that the different passages become much easier to understand. Just make sure that you know which passages you need to get the most attention to when taking the exam.

The Impact Of Social Media On Society Essay - 1051 Words

The evolution of technology in the 20th century brought many innovations. Among them is the social media. Essentially the 21st century revolves around these social media as individuals, corporations, and government agencies use these avenues to communicate and pass messages to their audience. I am an ardent user of social media too. Through the years that I have used social media, the sites have had a myriad effect on me. As expected these effects cut across both sides; some are positive effects while others are negative effects. However, the power of social media cannot be underestimated. With the ever increasing technological awareness among people, there is a possibility that the world will be connected through the social media. Twitter and Instagram are the top social media platform that I use frequently. Essentially Twitter constitutes of millions of users that help me to connect with people all over the world. On Twitter, a user has to ‘follow’ another user whom th ey want to view their posts. In essence following implies to subscribing to another user’s posts as they will appear on your timeline. As such, Twitter helps me connect with people I deem important in my life. Most of my friends are also on Twitter. Thus when we want to keep a conversation we use Twitter to connect with one another. One of the major features that makes me use Twitter is the ability to subscribe to tweets from organizations and agencies that matter in my life. In essence, Twitter relaysShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Social Media On Society Essay917 Words   |  4 PagesHave you thought about the impact that social media has on society? Today I would like to address the impact of social media on society for those of you that are social media users and this includes the advantages or disadvantages that as associated with it. In this speech, I want to relate to you how social media is being used by social media users. 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The short film titled, The Library Book, perfectly illustrates this as the characters within the film learn to assimilate in a society dominated by social media. The actions of each characterRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society987 Words   |  4 Pages The Negative Impact of Social Media on Society Marylin Vos Savant once said, â€Å"Email, instant messaging, and cell phones give us fabulous ability, but because we live and work in our own little worlds, that communication is totally disorganized†. The society we live in today requires modern technology. Texting, tweeting, and other forms of abbreviated communications are now changing how we speak. Of course technology and social media to be precise, is not necessarily evil; they have boosted the world’sRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Society1652 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1968, popular artist Andy Warhol had brought to attention his opinion on the over-populated celebrity society of the time with his quote â€Å"In the future, everyone will be famous for fifteen minutes†. Times change, and the future approached, but Andy may have underestimated just how true that is. Nowadays, the quote has been translated to fit the modern times, â€Å"everyone will be famous for 15mb†. The quote being changed to that says a lot about the times that we are going through right now, whichRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1224 Words   |  5 Pages Social media is a variety of platforms provided to the public as a medium for expression and communication. Seemingly, social media could be viewed as a positive contribution to society, but one must consider the underlying effects of society. Many of us don’t take into account the role that social media plays in the way we perceive things, think, and live our lives. Social media plays a critical part in societal norms. â€Å"Social norms are rules of conduct that governs interactions among individualsRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages What it Means to be Black In 2016, society is at a place where people are able to discover tons of information at the touch of a finger; this indeed can impact on how we view common things in society, such as identity. This statement holds true for â€Å"blacks† or African Americans as well. The stigma that comes with being black has been around for centuries; however, many blacks are using social media to combat negativity. In an era predicated on the use of the internet, black people have proven to

Essay on Examples of Hostile Sexism - 702 Words

(A) Despite the fact that there is an increasing number of women in the workforce, there are few in leadership positions. This is because of ambivalent sexism. There are two different types of ambivalent sexism: hostile and benevolent. A Hostile sexist is someone who as combative and antagonistic view towards a woman. He believes that women are trying to gain control over men using feministic views and their sexuality (which they are threatened by). Examples of hostile sexism: â€Å"Women do not appreciate everything that men do for them† or â€Å"Women use sex to gain power over men†. Hostile sexism punishes women who do not conform to social roles with aggression and hostility, and it rewards women who conform. Benevolent sexism is when a†¦show more content†¦Descriptive stereotyping is used by both men and women, and may be unintentional and go unnoticed until someone is made aware of it making this type of gender stereotyping hard to change. A prescr iptive stereotype is a belief about the behaviors men and women are expected to comply to. Prescriptive stereotypes are perpetuated when someone uses a descriptive stereotype to justify a behavior and justify the use of traditional social (and gender) hierarchy. This results in discrimination of women because men will assert hostile and aggressive behavior against women who break the gender norm. This type of stereotyping maintains the power imbalance that men and women have in the workplace because it is not socially accepted for a women to demonstrate â€Å"masculine qualities† to get ahead. Men are more likely to use this type of discrimination. It is hard for men to change their prescriptive stereotypes because they are still very largely accepted in society and these stereotypes keep men in power. (C) Agency is a person’s ability to make their own individual choices. Traits associated with agency include being: confident, aggressive dominant, forceful, ambitious intelligent. On the other hand, communal traits, which are traits that better the community versus better the individual, include being: helpful, sensitive, affectionate, caring, sympathetic and nurturing. According to the gender stereotype, agentic traits are associated withShow MoreRelatedBenevolence Sexism And Its Impact On Women s Accomplishments1433 Words   |  6 Pages Ideologies surrounding benevolence sexism are constructed on a basis of doubt; for instance a woman being appraised for her accomplishments, while highlighting the disbelief that she can accomplish that specific task. Benevolence sexism gives rise to positive attitude towards women’s accomplishments, while placing a gender gap on what they are able to accomplish, when compared to men. 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Pilgrimages to Rome or MeccaRead MoreThe Psychology Behind Prejudice : Humans Attitude1089 Words   |  5 PagesWithin psychology, we can link prejudice with discrimination and stereotyping (Plous, 2003). Although each may go together, they can be done separately. Prejudice and discrimination are most likely absent in a positive stereo type (Plous, 2013). For example describing an ethnic group as â€Å"family oriented†. Stereo typing does little to no harm without discrimination or prejudice. A generalized form of prejudice may lack discrimination and stereo types, such as being against foreigners. Prejudice aloneRead MoreEssay about The ranch in Of Mice and Men is a very hostile environment.1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe ranch in Of Mice and Men is a very hostile environment. The ranch in ‘Of Mice and Men’ is a very hostile environment. What do we learn about life during the Great Depression from John Steinbeck’s novel? 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Case Study of Mrs. Fiona Free-Samples for Students Myassignment

Question: Discuss the Case Study of Mrs Fiona. Answer: Patient History Mrs. Fiona is a 51-year-old woman who lives with her husband and a 22-year-old son in Sydney, Australia.She is suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) since twenty years and experiences various symptoms many times in a year. She is under medication of prednisone10 mg. Presently, COPD is under control. However, she is suffering from weakness and gets confused. Her husband also complains that she gets irritated easily now-a days. One day she was suffering from high fever of 102 degree Celsius, prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. Her husband called the doctor and was immediately asked to bring her to the hospital. Physical Examination She was diagnosed with a high blood pressure of 130/90 and a pulse rate of 86. The concentration of fluids and electrolytes in the body was found after performing a lab test. The details are as follows: Sodium : 151mmol/L (Normal range 135- 145 mmol/L) Potassium : 2.9mmol/L (Normal range 3.5 - 5 mmol/L) Chloride : 91mmol/l (Normal range 96-106mmol/L) Calcium : 9.5 mg/dl (Normal range 8.2-10.2 mg/dl) Magnesium : 1.5mmm/L (Normal range 1.3-2.1mmol/L) Haemoglobin : 8g/dl (Normal range 12-16 g/dl) Haematocrit : 25% (Normal range 38% to 47 % Arterial Blood Gases Test (ABG Test) pH level : 8 (Normal level 7.35-7.45 ) Partial Pressure of Oxygen : 64 (Normal level 75-100 mmHg) Partial Pressure of Carbon dioxide : 45 (Normal Level 38-42) Capillary Refill Test Abnormal results were obtained in the patient after this test. This shows that the patient is suffering from dehydration (Normal -pink color in less than 2 seconds). Total Urine Output Sodium : High Potassium : Low Hypothetical Diagnosis and Outcome Deficient Fluid Volume Mrs. Fiona was suffering from excessive vomiting which lead to the removal of fluid and electrolytes from the body. She is suffering from hypernatremia as she has high level of sodium content and it occurs because of fluid loss. Hypokalemia is also observed in the patient as she has low level of potassium in the body and it occurs due to diarrhea and under the medication of steroids (Frenkel et al .2014).She is suffering from hypochloremia as she has low level of chloride concentration in the body. A high haematocrit volume is also observed which refers to elevated blood cell count in an abnormal manner and it occurs because of dehydration (Hooper et al. 2014). ABG test reveals that the patient is suffering from high pH, high CO2 (Hypercapnia )and low O2 level in the arterial blood. Increase in pH occurs because of increased potassium and pulmonary disease and anemia Risk for Infection Since the patient is under the medication of prednisone, which is a corticosteroid, she is more prone to infection. Corticosteroids have a side effect that they reduce the immunity power of the body and lower the resistance to infection (Ciriaco et al. 2013). Confusion Mrs. Fiona is suffering from hypokalemia and hypernatremia due to vomiting. Imbalance in the level of sodium and potassium has a negative effect on the central nervous system of the body and impairs the functioning of the brain (Welsh et al 2013). Outcome: Level of sodium and potassium will be in normal limits in the body. Rationale: Low level of sodium and potassium leads to various cardiovascular problems Outcome: The patient will get rid of infection due to corticosteroids when hospitalized. Rationale: Infection leads to stress on the low immune system of the body. Actions Required Potassium ,sodium and chloride are present in the gastric acid in the body and excess loss of these electrolytes can lead to metabolic alkalosis, dehydration, hypernatremia and hypoalkemia (Cook, Appel, and Whelton 2014).Monitoring and evaluation of fluid and electrolytes concentration in the patient should be done on a regular basis. If she is suffering from excess loss of potassium in the body, the pulse should be checked on a regular basis as it leads to various cardiac problems (Go et al.2014). She should be given various fluids and anti-vomiting medicines to prevent vomiting. Practice Standards for Critical Care Nurses Nursing interventions include weighing the patient on a regular basis and monitoring the blood pressure and pulse twice a day. Nurse should also keep a check on the loss of fluid and electrolytes in the body by vomiting or the output of urine. Daily observation of body temperature of the patient should be done. The patient should be given a proper balanced diet and fluids such as water and juices to increase the fluid content and hemoglobin level in the blood.(Camaschella 2015).She should be advised to avoid caffeine and alcohol as it hampers the electrolyte content in the body. The nurse should be sympathetic towards the patient and take care of her. Reflective Assessment on Patient Assessment The patient is stable, as she has received proper treatment on time. She was suffering from imbalance in fluid and electrolyte concentration in the body such as high sodium, low potassium and low chloride content. She was also diagnosed with high blood pressure, pulse rate, low hemoglobin high and a high haematocrit volume.Her ABG test revealed high CO2,low O2 and high pH.She should take proper rest and increase the intake of fluids such as water, juices and take a balanced diet to increase the hemoglobin level in the blood (Johnson et al. 2015). References: Camaschella, C., 2015. Iron-deficiency anemia.New England Journal of Medicine,372(19), pp.1832-1843. Ciriaco, M., Ventrice, P., Russo, G., Scicchitano, M., Mazzitello, G., Scicchitano, F. and Russo, E., 2013. Corticosteroid-related central nervous system side effects.Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics,4(5), p.94. Cook, N.R., Appel, L.J. and Whelton, P.K., 2014. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk.Circulation, pp.CIRCULATIONAHA-113. Weber, M.A., Schiffrin, E.L., White, W.B., Mann, S., Lindholm, L.H., Kenerson, J.G., Flack, J.M., Carter, B.L., Materson, B.J., Ram, C.V.S. and Cohen, D.L., 2014. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in the community.The journal of clinical hypertension,16(1), pp.14-26. Frenkel, W.J., van den Born, B.J., van Munster, B.C., Korevaar, J.C., Levi, M. and de Rooij, S.E., 2014. The association between plasma sodium levels at time of admission and mortality and morbidity in acutely admitted elderly patients: a prospective cohort study.Susceptibility to hyponatremia in the elderly: causes and consequences. Go, A.S., Bauman, M.A., King, S.M.C., Fonarow, G.C., Lawrence, W., Williams, K.A. and Sanchez, E., 2014. An effective approach to high blood pressure control.Hypertension,63(4), pp.878-885. Hooper, L., Bunn, D., Jimoh, F.O. and Fairweather-Tait, S.J., 2014. Water-loss dehydration and aging.Mechanisms of ageing and development,136, pp.50-58. Johnson, E.C., Muoz, C.X., Le Bellego, L., Klein, A., Casa, D.J., Maresh, C.M. and Armstrong, L.E., 2015. Markers of the hydration process during fluid volume modification in women with habitual high or low daily fluid intakes.European journal of applied physiology,115(5), pp.1067-1074. Welsh, D., Lennie, T.A., Marcinek, R., Biddle, M.J., Abshire, D., Bentley, B. and Moser, D.K., 2013. Low-sodium diet self-management intervention in heart failure: pilot study results.European Journal of Car

Resonant Leadership A Comprehensive Report an Example by

Resonant Leadership: A Comprehensive Report Chronic stress is discussed as a problem affecting most leaders, thus causing stress to others involved. Boyatzis and McKee give sound advice backed with research demonstrating the need for techniques to reduce stress as well as dealing with it in a positive way. By doing so one is invoking physiological and psychological changes that enable leaders to overcome the negative effects of chronic stress. The Resonant Leaders Relevance in Todays Leadership Styles According to Franklin Covey, an online company specializing in coaching and leadership skills training, leadership works best when people are able to manage themselves. When that happens, everyone on your team is working proactively. Everyone is participating in leadership. You create this type of environment through win-win agreements-and build relationships primarily on trust instead of authority. This type of thinking has become popular amongst many corporations. Where several years ago autocratic leadership style was deemed effective, however with the rise of a more diverse workplace many companies have switch to democratic and free-rein style leadership. Democratic style leadership has been the most commonly used until recently; giving leaders more of a coaching position and giving subordinates decision making abilities. More recently, free-rein leadership has become popular. This extends from democratic leadership by giving more responsibility to employees; entrusting them with the ability to determine what, how and when something needs to be done by. Need essay sample on "Resonant Leadership: A Comprehensive Report" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Resonant Leadership displays many of the same factors as both democratic and free-rein leadership styles. By giving employees decision making abilities, the leader is expressing trust, allowing an opening for communication. Diverse work places call for more sensitivity towards the values, needs and motives of others. By implementing a network amongst employees, one can experience a union by being in the others shoes. This demonstrates Boyatzis and McKees theory presented in Resonant Leadership; opening ones mind in order to understand the present state of others. Although the idea of resonant leadership is based more on emotional awareness, it is this concept that will allow for better communication and understanding of the individuals involved. Thus creating a more cooperative and productive environment. Resonant Leaderships Personal Influence After reading Resonant Leadership and responding to the in depth exercises, I found I was more aware of myself and the people around me. I worked harder at being more compassionate to those I worked with. My focus on stress management has become more of an inner balance than trying to change the circumstances surrounding the stressor. Although it is difficult at times to understand and relate to associates, I am more aware of the importance in doing so. Reviews of Resonant Leadership The two most comprehensive reviews were published in Publishers Weekly and Business Week. Although the actual ratings differed; both publications believed that leaders need stronger ethics, concluding that Resonant Leadership positively supported that theory. Business Week Magazine was the more critical of the two, stating that Resonant Leadership had too much of a New Age feel to it. They also found that the authors tended to get off track during personal stories. Business Week was not thrilled with the overall book, suggesting the book was somewhat elementary. The review from Publishers Weekly was positive, agreeing with both the theory of resonant leadership and the exercises to obtain such a status. The remedies for chronic stress were also accepted as highly effective.Personally, I found Publishers Weekly to be a more accurate and informational review. It concentrated more of the positives of Resonant Leadership, such as reader interaction and the authors well researched remedies. Business Week Magazine felt the book didnt have enough substance; however Boyatzis and McKee had ten years of research backing their theories and remedies. I found Resonant Leadership to be a realistic view of the problems facing leaders today and having informative and practical advice on improving relationships between leaders and their charges. Reviews Publishers Weekly Review Building on the principles they laid out in their 2002 bestseller, Primal Leadership (coauthored with emotional intelligence expert Daniel Goleman), Boyatzis and McKee explain how managers and executives can employ mindfulness, hope and compassion to createand maintainexceptional business success. Effective teams and powerful, positive organizational cultures do not happen by accident, they write; they are created by resonant leaders who employ emotional intelligence to motivate and nurture their employees. Yet resonance can be exhausting to maintain, the authors have found, and even outstanding leaders can turn dissonant under the pressure of chronic business stress. When that happens, they say, rest and relaxation arent enough to restore a leaders emotional resilience. Drawing upon cognitive psychology, Buddhist philosophy and their own research, the authors propose a series of more effective remedies. Among them: cultivating openness, curiosity and awareness about oneself and othe rs; visualizing a positive, realistic dream; and working to understand and improve the situations of others. Boyatzis and McKee argue convincingly that such practices can favorably impact the bottom line while enabling leaders to sustain their effectiveness for longer periods of time. At a time when business leaders are under scrutiny for moral lapses on financial and social fronts, the exercises and arguments in this book can help executives learn to improve their interests by strengthening their ethics. Business Week Magazine Review Editors Review Reuters Group (RTRSY ) Chairman Niall FitzGerald recalls a period when he became consumed with guilt and self-pity. Then a senior executive at Unilever PLC, he had launched a laundry soap so abrasive that it sometimes left clothes in tatters. His marriage was in shreds, too, largely because of his neglect of his family. Friends who had supported FitzGerald in good times simply stopped calling. Then came a series of wake-up calls, including an emotional plea from a friend who was dying, urging the executive to pull his life together. FitzGerald began making the personal changes that ultimately helped him get beyond the debacle and reawaken his own zest for accomplishment. Today, with a new job, he runs marathons, raises money for charity, and strives to be an empathic and courageous leader. Hes even in a stronger marriagealbeit with another woman. In short, he has achieved what authors Richard Boyatzis and Annie McKee call resonant leadership. In their book of the same title, FitzGeralds story makes for one of the more compelling tales. Primal Leadership: Learning to Lead With Emotional Intelligence, the 2002 best-seller they wrote with Daniel Goleman, focused on the importance of the emotional aspects of leadership while showing readers how to be more engaged and effective at work. This one picks up where the last volume left off, reiterating the value of emotional intelligence. What makes this account more than a simple clarion call for work-life balance are its fascinating if sometimes fawning profiles, as well as a simple framework for how to sustain inspired ways of working. Boyatzis and McKee look at how even great leaders can get trapped in what they call the sacrifice syndromebecoming mindlessly focused on getting things done as stress mounts. The result is often a descent into dissonance, losing touch with customers, employees, and family or close friends. Sometimes, it takes several wake-up calls to get torpid executives to change their situations and recharge their morale. Those who succeed tend to cultivate what the authors cite, with a bow to Buddhist philosophy, as the three main elements of resonant leadershipmindfulness (being in touch with your environment and yourself), hope, and compassion. Group hugs all around, right? Some of the descriptions do veer a little close to New Age gobbledygook. But the stories keep the account rooted in reality. Besides FitzGerald, theres Roberto Nicastro of Italys UniCredit Bancas, whose ruffled hair, quick smile, and restless inclination to act make him appear to be in perpetual motion. Nicastro found that before he changed his ways, he was ruining his health and callously running over others. Its rare to hear executives so openly describe their emotions, and many readers will be touched. Other examples are less interesting because they focus only on the positive. The authors laud Colleen Barrett, president of Southwest Airlines Co., (LUV ) for the positive climate she has helped to foster at that company. John Studzinski, a senior executive at HSBC PLC (HBC ), is so accomplished at high-level volunteer work that he earned accolades from Pope John Paul II. A South African headmistress named Mrs. Zikhali (for some reason, they neglect to provide her first name) is hailed for her drive and vision in building a rural school. Resonant leaders, say the authors, tend to strike an emotional chord in their work. They rally the troops, project excitement, and pursue tasks with passion. But sometimes they veer off track, a result of anything from a career setback to classic burnout. The fortunate ones take the time to figure out what matters to them and get back to living the life they want to lead. The unlucky continue to lose focus. They may be oblivious to others or find themselves surrounded by staffers who feel out-of-step with management. They have few habits conducive to well-being at work. There are many exercises to help readers get in touch with what matters. Some of the drills, like one in which you describe your desired legacy, seem elementary. Others, such as a quiz to help clarify your values, may prompt worthwhile reflection. In these high-stress, multitasking times, a book on the perils of mindlessly giving too much to the job is likely to find fans. What you do outside the office is just as important. Thats one reason corporations from General Electric Co. (GE ) on down have begun to put far more emphasis on social responsibility, saluting leaders who reach out to the communities in which they operate. Workaholics arent just at risk for burnout. Increasingly, theyre losing their places on the corporate ladder as well. References Boyatzis, R.E., & McKee, A. (2005) Resonant Leadership: Connecting with Others Through Mindfulness, Hope and Compassion. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Ebert, R.J., & Griffin, R.W. (1995) Business Essentials (5th ed., chap. 9) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Small Business Administration, Change Management It Starts at the Top. (n.d.) Leadership Traits. Franklin Covey Coaching (2006)., Four Roles of Leadership. (n.d.) \ Editors Review. (2005). "Om" In The Corner Office. Business Week Magazine. [Review of the book Resonant Leadership.] [Review of the book Resonant Leadership] (2005) Publishers Weekly, (Electronic Version)

Elvis by Albert Goldman essays

Elvis by Albert Goldman essays Elvis by Albert Goldman is a book about the life and times of the king of rock and roll. It shows how a country boy rose up and ruled the world of music, and also showed his downfall. It starts by telling about Elvis' childhood, and moving to his teenage years. Elvis was always a wholesome country boy no matter if people considered him leud, or outrageous. In fact, Elvis was discovered when he made a record for his mothers birthday, Elvis always respected his parents. Next it moves on to the first few records that Elvis cut at Sun Records with his first producer Sam Phillips. What made Elvis different from other singers was that he was "a white boy who could sing like a nigger." as Sam Phillips described his style. It then moves on to detail his breakthrough year of 1956 in which he had such hits as Heartbreak Hotel, and Hound Dog. 1956 was the year that Elvis took America by storm, and earned him the title "The King of Rock and Roll". After that, it states the hardships that Elvis faced over the next few years in the military. These few years were not very good for Elvis, for the first time he had to leave the US, and his beloved mother passed away before he left for his assignment in Germany. Moving on it tells us about his glorious return to the United States, reclaiming his title as "King", and moving on to something bigger and better the movies. Over the course of the next few years Elvis made a lot of movies, but none were liked by the critics, but they did make money. After his less than stellar movie career Elvis came back to music with a blast the 68' Comeback Special. Once again Elvis was on top of the music industry. After the 68' Comeback Special Elvis moved on to very successful shows at Las Vegas. Elvis played in Las Vegas until his death. He also started to tour again. It was during this time that he and his wife of only a few years, Pri...

Challenges Library Management System Essay Example for Free

Challenges Library Management System Essay n 1981, UNESCO published a study prepared by Jean Lunn1 from Canada, Guidelines for Legal Deposit Legislation. His study is now 30 years old since its publication. Many countries have amended or significantly rewritten their legal deposit laws (Germany, Indonesia, and Norway in 1990; France in 1992, Sweden in 1994, Canada in 1995, South Africa in 1997, Denmark in 1998 and Japan & Finland in 2000). Others are in the process of doing so (Australia, India, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom). The forms of intellectual and artistic expressions have grown in different dimensions. New published media have been developed and electronic publications are now an integral part of many national publishing heritages. UNESCO was under pressure to bring out a revised edition of the Guideline in order to review the impact of it on other countries and to incorporate new forms of publishing, such as, electronic publications. The new revised and updated edition of the Guidelines of Legal 2 Deposit Legislation (2000, UNESCO) by Jules Lariviere is found to be a useful tool. The Indian relevant act, Delivery of Books Act 1954 (rev. 1956 to include newspapers and periodicals) has been under the scanner shortly after it was put into application and over the last five decades the National Library, Kolkata and the three other recipient regional public libraries, Connemara Pubic Library, Chennai, Central Library, Town Hall, Mumbai and Delhi Public Library, Delhi, and especially the publishing world directly involved with it, expressed concern and drew attention of the Government of India, of its limitations and ineffectiveness. The National Library, Federation of Indian Publishers (FIP) and several professional library organizations discussed its drawbacks and recommended revision or specific amendments of the act at various seminars, conferences and other forums. Ministry of Culture, the concerned agency of the government of India, set up several committees to deal with the National Library. The Recommendations of the National Knowledge Commission3 and its Working Group on Libraries (NKC-WGL, 2006) is completely silent on this and other national library related issues. It would be appropriate to draw attention to an article by 3. Challenges in Library Management System (CLMS 2012) Bandopadhyay (2000) former Director of the National Library, is exhaustive enough with a complete set of plan of action for the concerned Ministry to initiate the revision process at the earliest. As a follow up, the Ministry took some steps to obtain the views, of other stakeholders, including academics, library users group and senior library professionals. Based on these suggestions / recommendations a revised draft bill on this issue was prepared that is awaiting final clearance of the Ministry since 2006. Role of Legal Deposit Act: In simple terms Legal Deposit is a statutory obligation which requires that any organization, commercial or public, and any individual producing any type of documentation in multiple copies, be obliged to deposit one or more copies with some recognised national institution/s. It is important to make sure that legal deposit legislation covers all kinds of published material, that is, material generally produced in multiple copies and â€Å"offered to the public regardless of the means of transmission. † Public distribution could mean â€Å"performance† or â€Å"display† e.g. radio or television programme could be considered as â€Å"published† for legal deposit purposes when it has been broadcast. Within the electronic publications environment, it should be noted that a â€Å"one copy item† such as, a database , stored on one server, could be subject to legal deposit requirement since it is made available to the public through a technology enabling the public to read, hear or view the material. 5 (Lariviere ). Most countries rely on a legal instrument of some sort in order to ensure the comprehensiveness of their national deposit collection. In all countries with legal deposit system, â€Å"published material† would naturally include books, periodicals, newspapers, microforms, sheet music, maps, brochures, pamphlets, etc. In some countries audio-visual material (sound recordings, films, videos, etc. ) is also subject to legal deposit and there are several countries where electronic publications are also included into the legislation, but they have done this in different way; some have excluded on-line electronic publications because of the numerous unsolved technical problems related to their acquisition and preservation problems related to ever changing technological scenarios. Legal deposit legislation serves a clear national public policy interest by ensuring comprehensive acquisition, recording, preservation and access of a nation’s published heritage. The role of a legal deposit system is to ensure the development of a national collection of published material in various formats. It should also support the compilation and publication of national bibliography in order to ensure bibliographic control over a comprehensive deposit collection. In addition, an effective legal deposit legislation guarantees to citizens and researchers within the country and abroad, access to research collection of  the national published material. Countries are developing many different models, but are clearly unable to keep pace with the massive changes and challenges related to the deposit of intangible publications. Department of National Heritage6, UK (1997) brought out a consultative paper on current legal deposit of publication issues based on a questionnaire which identified several pertinent issues and posed a number of specific questions to which sought responses from individuals and organizations. This document could also help Indian group and the government agencies in formulating the revised DB Act. Profile of Indian book publishing Before we deal with Indian Delivery of Books Act let us first look at the present trends in book publishing in India. Over the last four decades a large majority of English language publishing has concentrated in and around the capital, Delhi. The city is also a major centre of Hindi publishing industry. With the rapid growth of higher education from 1960s and the pressure built-up within the faculties due to UGC’s policy of ‘publish or perish’ resulted in the increase of publications of research monograph. India is one of the few countries where 4 4. Invited Lectures theses and dissertations submitted for Ph. D. and other similar higher postgraduate degrees in humanities and social sciences particularly, get published as a routine matter, whereas in science and technology this would be a rare phenomenon. There is no reliable source of annual book publishing data in India or any comprehensive list of Indian publishers in different languages. D. N. Malhotra7 (2010), former President of FIP and an established publisher in English and Hindi claimed of having 15,000 20,000 publishing houses, mostly run by individuals or as single family business. According to Vinutha Mallay8 Senior Editor of Mapin Publishing, India is the sixth largest publishing industry in the world with annual growth of 15-20%; third largest publishers of books in English, around 90,000 to 100,000 books are published annually, there are about 19,000 publishers in the country; in addition sixty per cent of global publishing outsourcing is based in India. This growth trend is noticeable only from the 70s onwards when book trade turnover increased gradually due to numerical growth of educational and research institutions at every level. As we look back a few decades, the demand of English books grew fast in libraries of newly established universities, research institutions and other academic centres. Individual buyers of books constitute only a small percentage. Bulk of the titles was imported from the English speaking countries, mostly from the UK and USA based publishing houses. This book import business is largely handled by a few Delhi based book importers and distributors. To accelerate the book supply process from the shelves and warehouses the importers / distributers devised a practice of sending books on credit to academic staff and libraries, through local vendors or jobbers (newcomers in book trade to supply books ‘on approval’ basis). They were allowed to take back books â€Å"not selected† within a credit limit of six months only. Within a few years these jobbers turned into legitimate vendors with book stock of their own which could not be returned to the wholesalers within the stipulated six months credit limit. They start bookshops with the ‘dead stock’ of their own and continue to supply books to the institutions on prevailing terms and conditions. These vendors, having direct contacts with the researchers and faculty members on day to day basis, being the actual selectors in all educational institutions, get offers to publish research monographs of academics. Many of them grabbed these offers on their own terms thereby joining the exclusive club of publishers. We now find several of these vendors are retail bookshop owners, library suppliers and also publishers, all in one. Perhaps it would not be out of place to add a few words of Iain Stevenson9 on the recent trends in British publishing keeping in mind that India is claimed to be the third largest English language publishing country. ‘Since the beginning of this century, there have been strong trends in British publishing in the increase in concentration of publishing and book selling ownership balanced by healthy specialization and the second is an increasing awareness and impact of electronic media and delivery across sectors that have created a large impact across the book trade. In 2004 over 161,000 individual book titles were published in the U.K. as compared to 119,000 in 2001 and over 2. 5 times the number in 1990. Consumers spending on books reach 2436 m. sterling pounds (in 2000 it was 2000 million) out of which 30% was from the export sales. Individual buyers comprised the largest market share, about 70% of total book sale and 20% to academic institutions and corporate bodies’. Indian Legal Deposit Legislation or Delivery of Books Act 1954 and its aftermath The act, commonly referred to as DB Act10 was amended in 1956 to include newspapers and serials under its purview. Annual publishing of books in India during 1950s was small 5. Challenges in Library Management System (CLMS 2012) and below 30,000 titles, whereas by 2010 it is claimed to have exceeded 100,000 [estimated figure obtained from FIP in the absence of any official data from any reliable source] with substantial increase in the coverage of subjects, such as, science and technology. In a recent 11 Annual Report of the Ministry of Culture the National Library claimed to have received 29,875 publications under the DB Act which happens to be only 30% of the estimated total publications as indicated by senior executives of the Library in several professional forums. It was also being pointed out in such gatherings that the other three recipient libraries under this Act, in Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai received even less during the same period. It is worth noting that this was claimed to be the highest figure ever reached by the library ‘due to a special drive’12Intellectual resource (NACONAL 2006). UNESCO Statistical Yearbook is silent on the number of books published annually or the number of libraries in India over the last several decades, although India is one of the major contributors and active member of this international body. This sad state of affaire obviously reached, and continue to be, due to simple negligence of all concern. In most other countries annual publication figures were being provided by organizations declared as recipient/s under the legal deposit or copyright legislation of the country. There must be several reasons for the Library to reach in such a state and to argue, we guess, the limitations of DB Act cannot be the primary cause of it. Rigid administrative and fiscal rules and regulations adopted by the Library to operate under the guidance of the Ministry, is surely to my mind, a major factor but not the main one. The crux of the matter is National Library never received a large number of recent Indian publications under the DB Act. We do not know who all are claimed to be Indian publishers. A sizable number of them are ignorant of DB Act obligations. It is also a fact that number of ‘one time authorpublishers’ is also very high (15% – 20%) especially in vernacular languages. The National Library together with the Central Reference Library committed to bring out Indian National Bibliography(INB) based on the books received under the DB Act, similar in format of the British National Bibliography (BNB). However, neither the British Library (formerly British Museum Library) nor the Indian National Library is in any obligation under their respective legal deposit acts to bring out national bibliographies of books thus received under their respective legal deposit acts. . Bandhopadhyay13 points out,’rules and policy adopted are working smoothly for the British Library but similar regulations unexpectedly, failed to work in our case. One has to keep in mind the fact that default in U. K. is an exception rather than general rule unlike in India’. The provision of penalty for default in DB Act of Rs. 50. 00 sounds just notional. Either revise it to a figure e. g. , Rs. 1000. 00 or 4-5 times of the actual market price of single copy, whichever is higher or just make it voluntary, and hope for the best. The reason of suggesting the latter provision is to avoid the highly cumbersome and built-in procedural delay within our legal system. Since 1958 National Library did not take any legal action against one single defaulter till date. In UK and USA penalty clause is not mentioned as the legal deposit provision is covered under the country’s copyright acts. It is because of this factor legal deposit provision is genuinely more effective and acceptable to authors and publishers of these countries. It would be more realistic to suggest that National Library shall receive one copy of every Indian ‘publication’ and the three other regional repository libraries in Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai shall have the right to claim any current publication in their respective regional languages only, delivered free of cost under the revised provisions of the DB Act. The current practice of demanding four copies of every publication to be delivered free of cost to each of 6. Invited Lectures these four libraries (including National Library) failed to meet our expectations. This is in addition to what publishers have to comply with the demands of different state central libraries under the Press and Book Registration Act of 1867. Moreover, a large volume of these books and other publications, thus received, especially language publications that are not so commonly used in some regions are usually being ‘dumped’ or just temporarily stored as these are of ‘no use’ to the library. This is a colossal wastage of national resource. On the other hand it would not be cost effective to make these so to say, ‘unused books’ (four copies of each) routinely processed, provide costly storage space as well as maintaining them for the posterity in four regional libraries. The National Library shall receive one copy for preservation and access only; create bibliographic records for the benefit of all stakeholders. There are several categories of publications e. g. in English, Hindi, Sanskrit and Urdu (EHSU) languages shall find users in other three regional libraries. Let us accept the real time scenario in terms of availability and accessibility for application of information and communication technologies (ICT) within library systems. Bibliographic data of publications received by the National Library under legal deposit legislation will be accessible to others from INB and National Library catalogue / database online. These three libraries shall buy one copy of all selected books in EHSU languages, from any local vendor / publishers. Additional fund annually spend by three libraries on this account shall be reimbursed from a special annual central government grant. The proposed module is based on the British legal deposit act where the British Library, London receives one copy of every book / publication and the other five libraries (Wales National Library, Aberystwyth, Scottish National Library, Edinburgh, Oxford University, Cambridge University and Trinity College, Dublin) obtain direct from the publishers, one copy of every book of their choice, selected from the weekly list of books received in the British Library under the legal deposit act. We made an attempt to get some estimation of the annual cost of books published under these four (EHSU) ‘common languages’ from INB and the National library that would give an idea of the total fund required for the three regional libraries under the revised provision of the Act. All the three libraries receive some annual grant from the central government. The revised provision in the act will also bring some savings in terms of time and resources, as lesser number of books are to be dealt with by the libraries. Sooner than later, it  will be a reality (within a decade or so) of making available a digital copy of an Indian publication by the National Library online, that was not originally selected or received earlier to a library or an individual from its own stock within or outside the country. The technology is already in experimental stage at various levels. Slowly and gradually a large part of Indian publications will be brought out in e-format only, which will also change our current perception of borrowing or consulting a ‘book’ from a conventional library. Till we reach that stage in India and the transitional period of overlap (20 years? ) we shall carry on with both the systems as we are now have both bullock carts as well as a BMW 7e series cars on our roads for transportation. Indian library systems shall take a longer path and time to switch over to reach this goal. Moreover, any change in our library ‘modernization’ programme shall be fully dependent on application of technological innovations resulting in inevitable 14 acceptance of a never ending process. Thomas Abhram in a recent article expressed, â€Å"ebooks will be hugely cheaper with the removal of paper and inventory costs†¦. All things taken into account, books in print format are not certainly going away ever from circulation. And e-books, from a publishing point of view, are a ‘consummation devoutly to be wished’. We in India, specially the National Library are to continue dealing with print copies of books for several decades together with information resources available in e-books and or in any other format. 7 Challenges in Library Management System (CLMS 2012) Table 1: Books in Indian Languages Received in National Library LANGUAGE 2007 08 Assamese Bengali English Gujarati Hindi Kannada Malayalam Marathi Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit Tamil Telugu Urdu Total 97 991 5756 127 2370 687 1500 1400 2661 602 112 3685 248 521 20757 NL/DB Act 2008 – 09 35 1463 5385 348 1722 600 1200 1351 52 576 287 2526 145 304 15994 337 2189 5530 476 1237 877 866 1341 750 000 111 1186 406 292 15598 300 350 450 830 INB (2010) AVERAGE COST. The figures quoted above (Table-1) under Books received by the National Library under DB Act during 2007-08 and 2008-09 and those listed in INB for 2010 (CRL) were obtained from the respective libraries on personal requests. In a paper presented at the NACONAL 2006 by Mandal & Syed Abuzar15 (2006) indicated National Library received about 20,000 books annually during 1990 2002. They claimed the Library received about 30,000 during 2005-06 due to some special drive and about similar number of volumes during 2010-11as recorded in the Annual Report of the Ministry of Culture. Unfortunately we could not get breakdown of figures under each language of 29,875 books received during 2005-06 nor of INB listed figures for 2009 and 2011. The significant gap of Oriya books received during 2007-08 and 2008-09 was due to some special efforts put by the concerned language specialist during 2007. [Note:Average cost of recently published books in English, Hindi, Sanskrit and Urdu (EHSU) languages has been worked out from a sample of books procured by University of Delhi, Central Library, Central Secretariat Library and the U. S. Library of Congress, Book Procurement Centre in Delhi. We made here an estimation of annual additional grant amount to be provided by central government to support the three regional libraries (in Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai) under the proposed revised legal deposit legislation. The National Library shall receive one copy only of every Indian publication free of cost delivered by the publishers, and the three regional public libraries are to purchase one copy of any book (in EHSU languages) selected by a library from open market. The three libraries are entitled, under the law, to receive free of cost, one copy of a book published in respective regional languages. It is estimated that each library shall selectively acquire per year about 30,000 new Indian publications (10,000 EHSU + 20,000 in respective regional languages) out of about 90,000 books published annually. It means, central government shall reimburse annually the cost of 30,000 books in EHSU languages where average cost of a set of four EHSU books is Rs. 2000 or Rs. 60 million (30,000 x2000 = 60,000,000). In addition, another 10m (Rs. 10,000,000) would be required to cover annual subscription cost of EHSU periodicals and newspapers. Thus we reach an estimated figure of Rs. 70m or 7crore (add another 10% 8 Invited Lectures annually for inflation). These figures are being presented to get some idea of the extra cost we propose to pass on to the central government exchequer. ] If this revised guidelines are adopted in our legal deposit act (now under revision) by taking over the extra burden of book fund of the three regional libraries by the central exchequer then we could surely expect of getting better cooperation from the publishing fraternity in fulfilling their responsibilities towards the provisions of the revised act. Group of publishers bringing out EHSU language publications are to supply only TWO free copies, like all other publishers, one to the National Library and the other to Parliament Library. The only sensible expectation of the publishers from the CRL / National Library is to bring out a comprehensive, up to date online INB, listing all currently published titles thus received under the act and provide facilities of easy access to the readers within a reasonable time frame. Under the revised provision of the act, there is a strong opinion that Chennai based Connemara Public Library shall receive one copy free of cost, of every publication in Dravidian languages (e. g. Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu). Similarly Central Library, Mumbai shall receive books in all western Indian languages, such as Marathi, Konkani, Gujarati, etc. , and Delhi Public Library shall get publications in Punjabi, Kashmiri, etc. as commonly spoken in the three respective regions. National Library is to receive one copy of all the publications. In addition to the respective regional languages publications these three libraries shall purchase one copy of publications of their choice, in English, Hindi, Sanskrit and Urdu (EHSU), from publishers / local vendors. Total annual cost of this category of publications shall be reimbursed from central exchequer. With the introduction of advanced network technologies, libraries shall be benefitted for not to process (Catalogue / classify highest cost factor) these books as relevant data can be downloaded from INB. The second alternative is to incorporate legal deposit provision within the revised copyright legislation as done in the USA and UK. It is possible to reduce the number of defaulting Indian publishers to bare minimum. Only very recently the National Library claimed to have increased intake of publications under the Act by extensive promotional work through the media and sending direct appeal to publishers that have helped it in bringing more and more publishers within the DB Act net. Secondly, if the total number of copies of each title (an average of seven copies) under both PR and DB Acts could be drastically reduced to minimum two only, there is a hope of getting full support and cooperation of Indian publishers to go by the rule book. Third and the most important factor is to make INB up to date and bring it out at regular frequency (monthly! ) with the target of putting it online within a scheduled time frame. What we need is determination and political will to make the India’s National Library the effective hub of Indian library systems. Similarly, there are several other issues, listed below, which also require attention by both the National Library and appropriate government agencies that shall help in making India proud of its National Library. Central Reference Library (CRL): In 1971 administration of the CRL was separated from the National Library by making it a subordinate office under the Department of Culture. This was an ideal opportunity we missed, for shifting the CRL to Delhi. In the middle of 1970s Central Government created a new wing of the Central Secretariat Library (CSL) and named it as Tulsi Sadan Library to collect and provide access exclusively to all Indian language (excluding English) publications, to commemorate the 400th year of Tulsidasa (of Ramcharitmanas fame). CSL could have been merged with CRL and allowed it to operate from some temporary location till a permanent ‘home’ could be found or built at the proposed site opposite to the National Museum on 9 Challenges in Library Management System (CLMS 2012) Janpath, originally proposed by Edwin Lutyens. CRL would have been the natural choice of declaring it as the fourth recipient public library in Delhi, under the DBAct (instead of making the Delhi Public Library with reluctance, during the 1970s). Ministry of Culture is now under heavy pressure for shifting the Central Secretariat Library out of Shastri Bhavan complex due to severe space crunch and security issues. It is a fact that CSL has lost its original objective of serving information needs of all central secretariat units. Today all the ministries are having their own libraries with specialized collections to cater their respective information needs. It now serves as a general reading room for Shastri Bhavan employees. Reading for pleasure is not so common with the government employees. Central Secretariat Library is administratively a subordinate office of the Ministry of Culture. A large section of its regular visitors, viz. postgraduate students and research scholars have stopped visiting the library due to overwhelming security checks involved in getting through Shastri Bhavan. Recently several thousand volumes of its rich older collections were being disposed under executive orders to make room for babus of the Ministry. It could have been easier to find a suitable location for CRL (incorporating CSL) in Delhi during 1970s. Attempts were also being made during the 1970s and 1980s to merge the CRL with the National Library but these were also stalled by staff associations of the two libraries. During this period, management of the National Library was weak as a result, library service also suffered considerably. Central government in Delhi continued to be indecisive in taking appropriate steps while local library administration in Kolkata failed to deal with the day to day issues in any effective manner. It was more of a failure of the management both at the operational as well as policy making levels. The government allowed the National Library to drift away in the absence of any suitable action plan in place to overcome the crisis. Nor there was any move or pressure from any other corner – library professionals, media or library users’ group. This long drawn uncertainty and lack of effective management control within the National Library campus directly affected services and administration of Central Reference Library thereby putting publication of INB also on the back burner. Indian National Bibliography (INB): It started in 1958 following the British National Bibliography (BNB) format. To overcome the complexity of multi-script languages it adopted Romanization of all scripts with the descriptive part of each entry in English. This has created problems for many who are not familiar with Roman script or English language. The job of printing INB monthly issues was given exclusively to the Government of India Press in Kolkata that failed to realise, from the beginning, the importance of maintaining the production and delivery schedule. After years of persuasion by CRL the Ministry allowed printing of INB through private press. Cataloguing of every title, received by the National Library under BD Act, is first to be acknowledged by the Library then sent to CRL on record, where it will be catalogued once according to INB practices and then books shall be sent back to the National Library for re-cataloguing according to its own specified rules followed by due processing for storage. This long drawn administrative procedural factors and duplication of cataloguing  process have claimed to be a major cause of delay from the date of receipt of the publication to the time its record is found in INB followed by making it available to readers of National Library This delay factor has also indirectly discouraged publishers to follow the DB Act guidelines strictly on the pretext of not finding INB to be a regular and up to date periodical either as a reliable check list of current Indian publications or a selection tool for libraries and other stakeholders; nor their publications are found in any bibliographic record of the National Library on time. National Library takes its own time, sometime nearly two years, to allow access to the books received under the DB Act. Importance of promotion and marketing of INB did never get much support from the concerned authorities. Adoption of appropriate technologies at 10 Invited Lectures different levels of administration and access to resources has been continuously lagged behind. Most national libraries of the world are having full responsibilities of preserving and allowing access to their collections by providing adequate indexing and other access tools, e.  g. national bibliographies, subject bibliographies, annotated catalogues of special collections, many of these are now accessible online on their respective websites. We must allow the National Library for setting up National Bibliographic Division with full control of bringing out INB and to provide other bibliographic services covering pan-India in appropriate standardized formats, as required from time to time. By taking full advantage of technological advances supported by a group of committed well qualified staff the Library would be able to help in both improving and widening the scope of services to individuals as well as to provide back-up services to a large number of academic and public libraries in and outside the country. For example, the day Indian libraries in general adopt the same processing format for all new titles listed in INB,India can claim to have won half the battle in modernizing our library services and systems. Without going into details one can only highlight the fact of centralized processing initiated and applied in most national libraries which have directly and indirectly helped respective library systems of these countries. We are well aware of the fact that both the CRL and INB are as if, linked with the DB Act by an umbilical cord that needs to be focused and dealt with separately for a drastic revision. Proposals l l Title of the revised act may be â€Å"Delivery of Publications (National Library) Act. Definition of Publications shall include – all printed documents, such as, books, periodicals, serials, newspapers, e-publications including audio books, CD books, DVDs and digital online publications and /or any other reformatted or original document produced for commercial distribution, e. g. microform documents. Only one copy of all publications shall be delivered free of charge, direct to the National Library of India (or at an address specified by the Library). The act shall also make adequate provision for the three regional libraries based in Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai to receive on. Challenges Library Management System. (2016, Oct 11).

Professional Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Professional Development - Essay Example According to Rosdahl and Kowalski (2008) the nursing profession has its legal metes and bounds and it is a highly regulated profession with appropriate consequences for illegal and unethical practices. As a graduate nurse, it is important for me to master such laws and similar provisions in the practice in order to ensure that my actions in the actual practice are within the legal and ethical bounds (Funnell, Koutoukidis, and Lawrence, 2008). I have noted that there are certain legal provisions in relation to nursing practice that I am not completely familiar with. In other words, there are gaps in my legal knowledge which need to be filled; more specifically, these gaps pertain to my duties in relation to discharge and rehabilitation of patients, as well as my duties in relation to the administration of certain prescription medicines as ordered by physicians. I also noted how gaps in the application of these laws in the actual practice are seen. I know how these cases have been deci ded, but they seem to be vague to me in actual application. It is also important for the nurse to consider the ethical principles which are part and parcel of her practice. These ethical principles are: beneficence, autonomy, non-maleficence, and justice. Beneficence is concerned about doing what would benefit the patient, not what would bring him harm. This is very much related to non-maleficence which emphasizes about doing no harm to a patient. Autonomy is about allowing the patient to make informed decisions about his care. It is about allowing him to make independent decisions. And finally, justice is about giving the patient what is his due, in terms of health services (Borhani, et.al., 2010). 2. Critical thinking and analysis STANDARD: identifies the relevance of research to improving individual/group health outcomes ELEMENT: identifies problems/ issues in nursing practice which may be investigated through research. I have also assessed that I need to improve my investigation and research skills. In order for me to transition as a Graduate Nurse, I need to establish a more evidence-based approach in my practice. Research is an important means of identifying and investigating issues in practice (Brownson, et.al., 2009). The PICO format is one of the most effective means of investigating issues in practice because the PICO (problem-intervention-comparison-outcome) elements assist in settling appropriate research-based interventions for these issues (Fineout-Overholt, Levin, and Melnyck, 2005). In my current practice, I realize that I need to expand my knowledge to cover new knowledge and research-based information which can help in the implementation of appropriate care for the patient. In a study by Coghlan and Casey (2010), the authors carried out their study in an attempt to address the nature of the challenges which nursing research often faces. The authors pointed out that in order to face the issues in practice, the nurses’ role as an action researcher must also be emphasized. This action research strategy can help clear role ambiguity and can balance the political dynamic which often occurs in the nursing practice (Coghlan and Casey, 2010). In effect, I know that by increasing my research, I would be able to improve the resolution of various health issues. The identification of issues must be carried out independently. Traditional education

Illegal immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Illegal immigration - Essay Example However, such immigrations adversely affect the economy and society of the United States. The thesis statement for this paper is, ‘economics and social costs of illegal immigration outweigh the number of associated benefits’. Social and Economic Cost of Illegal Immigration Illegal immigrations put a damaging impact on the economy of a country. Some of the main effects on the economy of a country due to large-scale illegal immigrations include increased poverty, less job opportunities for local people, and decreased foreign investment because of increased fear of crimes in immigrant-populated areas. Immigrants are cutting down the wage levels for local Americans (Porter, n. p.). Reports show that many companies in the United States prefer to hire illegal immigrants because they are willing to work for low salaries as compared to the salaries that local people demand. Such situations result in decreasing the number of job opportunities for local people because companies fi ll many job positions with people who demand less money in exchange for job and confidentiality about their legal status in the country. Such situations also cause an increase in the graph of poverty in a country because when local people will not have jobs, they will face shortage of money, and their spending power will decrease as well. Overpopulation in the host country is also an effect of illegal immigrations. The demand and supply system also gets affected due to illegal immigrations because economic analysts cannot count the presence of illegal people accurately. In the United States, increase in the number of crimes is also associated with large-scale illegal immigrations. Some percentage of illegal immigrants start engaging in criminal activities when they do not get proper job opportunities even in the developed countries. Increased drug trafficking in the United States is also associated with large-scale illegal immigrations. As Go states, â€Å"the US suffers an annual loss of about 70 billion dollars due to drug-related illnesses, death, and drug related crimes.† Along with high economic impact, crimes and violence also affect the society. Crimes cause threat and terror in the minds of local people because of which they start thinking negatively about all immigrants. Benefits of Illegal Immigration Although there are no apparent benefits of illegal immigrations, if we analyze the positive effects of presence of illegal immigrants deeply, we come to know that they do play a little part in keeping the system running. For example, they do low profile jobs from which legal citizens usually keep themselves away, such as, sanitary jobs, waiter jobs, and petrol filling worker jobs. Illegal immigrants do such jobs to earn their livings by hiding themselves from the law enforcement agencies. As Mauriello states, â€Å"one of the perceived benefits of illegal immigration is that of filling in of low wage jobs that a regular American would not be wil ling to accept.† Rights of Illegal Immigrants Basic rights of a person remain the same wherever a person lives and in whatever way a person arrives to the other country. In the U.S. constitution, the Fifth, Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments protect the basic rights of all individuals living in the United States. The law grants protection to every individual and applies law for illegal immigrants. Although illegal immigrants

The Unhappy Democracy Essay -- Essays Papers

The Unhappy Democracy Abstract Plato/Socrates defined democracy as "the government of the people." He modeled his democratic society after Athens at the time, a small city-state where every adult male had a vote. The transition to democracy occurred after a revolution in which the rich oligarchic rulers were overthrown and disposed of and the poor gained control. Then, they provided everyone with equal rights. Democracy was characterized as a â€Å"bazaar of constitutions" where every citizen chose his own path in life. There was no obligatory military service, no privileged classes, and those that claim to love society were able to acquire the most power. Individuals may have desired honor in the morning and wealth in the evening. There was no consistent goal that individuals pursued and their desires changed constantly. However, democracy, unlike other imperfect societies, did not forbid the practice of philosophy; it had been indifferent to it. Eventually, "Things everywhere are just bursting with the spirit of liberty." Soon children disobey parents, students disobey teachers, and a disregard towards authority develops. Citizens become divided into three classes: the ruling class of spendthrift politicians, the middle businessman/merchant class, and the large mass of poor people who own little property and mostly stay out of politics. The politicians begin to pass laws that tax the capitalists in order to meet their spending promises. Next, a reactionary political party was formed by the wealthy in order to resist the taxes. After a while, the poor became frustrated with all of the disorder and selected a â€Å"champion of the people† who eventually acquired absolute power and corrupted by it to become a tyrant who would disregar... ...vide The reason being that individuals constantly focus on fulfilling desires rather than applying reason to guide their will. Consequently, their soul is always in a state of flux rather than being in harmony. Therefore, only the ideal state, not democracy, is capable of creating the conditions necessary for its citizens to attain happiness because it is founded on justice instead of liberty, which produces the harmony of the soul. In conclusion, democratic citizens shall never find true happiness in their political system because liberty is practiced at the expense of the liberties of others, the inherent lack of stability will eventually lead to situation in which individual liberty is rigorously suppressed, and because the pursuit of liberty is futile because it does not lead to true happiness. Democracy truly is the worst kind of government, after despotism.

Essay and Research Paper Essay

Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. There is a true saying that everyone knows: playing sports is very good for our health. Playing sport helps us stay in shape, builds up our teamwork skill, and makes us consistent players. But there is a truth that not many people can realize: spending too much time on sports may cause some bad influences. Especially when it comes to young children. They need a balanced schedule so that they can take advantage and avoid some disadvantages of playing sports First, playing sports is necessary for everyone to reserve good health. It is proven by scientists that doing exercises or playing sports regularly helps people stay in a good shape, and helps avoid some health problems such as heart attack or blood pressure. For those reasons, young children should spend time in playing sport everyday. But if they spend too much time on that, they will not have enough time to participate in many other interesting and useful activities, such as going on a picnic with their friends or learning to play musical instruments†¦Even worse, they may not spend enough time on study. Second, playing sports helps young children develop their team-work skill. Usually when playing sport, they will be allocated into teams. By trying to connect with other team members to win to the game, they will learn how to get along with people, how to understand other people’s ideas, and how to coordinate with the others to get the best result, not only in sports, but also in study or in a working environment. But still, if they spend too much time on playing sports, there will be a disadvantage for young children, since they spend too much time hanging on with the others in a team, will not know how to handle problems alone, resulting in performing badly when working independently. Lastly, playing sports helps children learn how to stand up after failing, making them competitive in any tournament. It is definite that everyone will fail at least once when they play sport. The desire of being the winner urges them to try more and more. The more they try, the better.they become, but once they are so involved in the game, they somehow become so aggressive. Some will try anything to win, and some will even play unfairly to be the winner. The stories about the soccer players using drugs or the players fighting in a game are clear evidences to the disadvantage of playing sport when it is not under control.

My Sleep On Sleep Patterns - 857 Words

I have fallen asleep every night for the last 22 years, but yet I never analyzed my own sleep pattern. Never truly aware of what time I fell asleep, whether I dreamt every night, or the quality of my sleep. All I knew was that the older I got, the more lethargic I got, and the more caffeine I consumed. Now given the opportunity to monitor my sleep for five nights with the use of a sleep diary I have better knowledge of my sleep patterns. Basing my sleep patterns on concepts learned in class, I was able to understand my sleep, and apply different issues I experienced each night to the resolutions I learned. Hopefully, after my sleep diary I will know how to improve my quality of sleep on a regular basis based on concepts learned in class. On the first night I was on the verge of excitement about starting my sleep diary so I fell asleep at 11:29 P.M. I assumed I would have a regular nights’ sleep, until I heard my name being called. Feeling like I was in a horror movie I awakened instantly in fear, to a cold sweat and rapid heartbeat. Let’s face it, my name is not a common everyday name, so I was terrified until I recalled hypnagogic hallucination. Hypnagogic hallucinations occur at the onset of sleep (NREM) as the small, fast beta brain waves turn into large slower alpha brain waves (140). As I checked the time it was only 11:32 P.M. making this the perfect explanation for this bizarre phenomenon. I then proceeded to fall back to sleep, and woke up at 6:00 A.M. HoweverShow MoreRelatedCircadian Rhythms And Sleep Deprivation870 Words   |  4 Pagesdisorders and sleep deprivation. To start out on circadian rhythms disorders this is what I have learned. Circadian rhythms are regulated by a part of the hypothalamus called the suprachiasmatic nucleus. One’s alertness, core body temperature, moods, learning efficiency, blood pressure, metabolism, and pulse rate all follow these circadian rhythms. 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